It is one of the strangest contradictions of modern life. We have more ways to communicate than at any point in human history. We can send messages across the globe instantly. We can share opinions with hundreds, thousands, or even millions of people…
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Most people assume they know the biggest threats to their careers. Poor performance. Missed deadlines. A bad annual review. A difficult supervisor. In reality, one of the greatest threats to a person’s professional reputation can fit inside a s…
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When a university administration wants to discipline a student or remove a faculty member, they often face a major hurdle: the lack of a single, egregious violation that justifies severe action. Under standard institutional policies, an isolated mino…
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One of the most common things I hear from students, employees, professors, physicians, and professionals facing investigations is this: “I didn’t do anything wrong.” Sometimes they are correct. Sometimes the allegations are exaggera…
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Most people believe that an investigation begins when they receive an email. It doesn’t. By the time a student, employee, professor, physician, or professional receives notice that they are under investigation, important decisions may have alre…
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Few moments create more anxiety than receiving notice that you are under investigation. Whether the allegation involves academic misconduct, a Title IX complaint, professional school discipline, employee misconduct, or a licensing board inquiry, most…
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For most students, the email arrives without warning. One moment, everything is normal. The next, a university official informs you that a Title IX complaint has been filed and that you are under investigation. Panic often follows. Students immediate…
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Most people believe careers end because of incompetence. They imagine poor performance reviews, missed deadlines, ethical violations, or major professional mistakes. Sometimes that happens. But as a lawyer, I have learned that careers, reputations, l…
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Most people completely misunderstand internal investigations until they find themselves trapped inside one. An employee receives an unexpected email from Human Resources. A student is summoned to a disciplinary meeting. A professor is told that “co…
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Most people think due process is about courts. It is not. At its core, due process is about something much larger: whether human beings can trust the systems that exercise power over their lives. That question now extends far beyond the courtroom. To…
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